difference between alexandrian and antiochene christology pdf

845 (2012) 153-177. In spite of some of his more idiosyncratic conclusions, Origen developed an exegetical method that would have a profound impact on subsequent theologians. A term paper written on the prompt: "With reference to the dispute between Cyril and Nestorius evaluate the assessment that Antiochene and Alexandrian Christologies are ultimately incompatible." [22], Second, Origen believes that the letter of the law is unattainable. Alexandria Note: this paper was previously written for a class on the History of Biblical Interpretation at Westminster Theological Seminary in Philadelphia. program which is essential for my career growth. Whether or not one is persuaded of Edwardss argument here, it is true that Origen sees bodily existence as basically good. 85-160), whose name has become synonymous with an excessively lowview of the Old Testament. Cyril plunges into the debate with sharp invective, addressing one document To Nestorius, the new Judas. For Origen, fixation on the literal sense is precisely what led both Jews and Gnostics astray. In Cyrils letters against to Nestorius, Cyril not only defends the title Theotokos against accusations that it was reviving the heresy of Apollinariusm, but he denies the very legitimacy of using alternative Christological schemes a such as the association of personas the Antiochian thinkers had spoken of. Antiochene theology Quick Reference A modern designation for a style of theology associated with the Church at Antioch, contrasted with Alexandrine theology. [18] Cf. 0000008544 00000 n Edwards also questions the common assumption that Origen held to a doctrine of the pre-existence of the soul. Fill in your details below or click an icon to log in: You are commenting using your WordPress.com account. Alexandria and Antioch had developed very different views on the matter: The Alexandrian school leaned towards Christs humanity and divinity being absorbed into each other while Antioch leaned towards maintaining the human and divine in Christ as two separate beings. John Anthony McGuckin (Louisville, Ky.: Westminster John Knox Press, 2004), 139. The literal sense is thus reduced to a mere receptacle, playing only an instrumental or subordinate role. 0000009389 00000 n Perfect E Learn is committed to impart quality education through online mode of learning the future of education across the globe in an international perspective. Some Facts About the Alexandrine Ch~istology Cirilo se sumerge en el debate con invectivas fuertes, remitiendo un documento Para Nestorio, el nuevo Judas. 0000009443 00000 n The goal of this paper will be to evaluate the life and work of one representative of the Alexandrian tradition, Origen of Alexandria. [13] Origen, Commentary on the Epistle to the Romans, Books 1-5, trans. The goal of this paper will be to evaluate the life and work of one representative of the Alexandrian tradition, Origen of Alexandria. For Ariu s Christ was a creature, generated In the following centuries, the church faced opposition on two fronts. Such aberrations in theology persuaded his own bishop Demetrius to denounce him as a heretic, and many of Origens views would be condemned in AD 553 at the Fifth Ecumenical Council in Constantinople. It was generally in contrast with and sometimes opposed to the theology of Alexandria. "The Council of Chalcedon 451: In Search of a Balanced and Nuanced Christology," in Seven Icons of Christ: Introduction to the Oecumenical Councils. [19] This supports Origens insistence that there is no distinction between Jew and Gentile. I was in search of an online course; Perfect e Learn That is, the impossibility to keep the letter of the law is not due to human sin, as later Protestant interpreters would argue. In scriptural exegesis it placed more emphasis on the There is no record of a formal school such as apparently existed at alexandria, although lucian of antioch directed his didascalion and Diodore of Tarsus his 0000004309 00000 n Cyril insists that while of itself human nature is not powerful but passible, in its union with the godhead, as in the dynamic act of Incarnation, the human nature of the Logos thereby becomes an instrument of omnipotent power and thus, in a real thought paradoxical sense, an omnipotent instrument. Against this backdrop, it would be tempting to claim that Origen himself must have imbibed too much of Platonic thought. In other words, WebAlexandria as they had his teacher Origen, but Arius almost single-handedly ushered in an era in which the church was well-nigh intoxicated with Christology, though he did so from a Trinitarian perspective and did not waste much time on the articulation between Christs disparate natures. of the Alexandrian-Antiochene Schools of Angels were bound to natural law,[16] Gentiles to natural and civil laws, Jews to natural and ceremonial laws, and Christians to the law of Christ. St. Vladimirs Theological Quarterly 52, no. Alexandrian If Jesus was only human, Cyril argues, and God was elsewhere, the Incarnation, the Word become flesh, would be meaningless. Cirilo insiste en que Mara, la madre de Dios, debe ser llamada Theotokos. The goal of this paper will be to evaluate the life and work of one representative of the Alexandrian tradition, Origen of Alexandria. Clement (d. ca. This was the charge of the early church, and many modern scholars have followed suit. Alexandrian 0000008977 00000 n Cyril insists that Mary, the mother of God, should be called Theotokos. Philo, a wealthy first-century Jew, was well known for his efforts to integrate Greek philosophy and Jewish theology. Antiochene side. Quite the contrary, Origen believes that the letter of the Mosaic Law brought the beginnings of life to humanity. exams to Degree and Post graduation level. Two interpretive traditions emerged: the Alexandrian and the Antiochene. Alexandria Por otro lado, el trmino Anthropotokos reconoce que Mara es la madre de este hombre, pero dicho trmino puede en s mismo dar a entender que l no es ms que un hombre, lo cual de nuevo es ofensivo a la fe cristiana ortodoxa en la deidad de Cristo. Alexandrian [14] Riemer Roukema, Law of Nature, in The Westminster Handbook of Origen, ed. [3] According to Elizabeth Lauro, the somatic sense can be understood as literal, whereas the psychic and pneumatic senses are non-literal. 0000002620 00000 n l encontr en las expresiones Madre de Dios y Dios sufriente poco ms que una devocin ignorante que haba cortado tantos ngulos en sus implicaciones, hasta el punto de haberse quedado muy cerca de las concepciones mticas paganas de la deidad. 0000004287 00000 n WebANTIOCH, SCHOOL OF The common doctrinal tendencies, particularly in exegesis and Christology, that characterized the theological thinkers and writers who represented the Antiochian tradition. WebFrom 3rd to 4th century, Tertullian and Origen give a more complete doctrine of Christology. Then, by way of comparison, I will examine in briefer compass the work of one representative of the Antiochene tradition, Theodore of Mopsuestia. Este es a la vez poderoso y frgil, majestuoso y humilde. Palabras clave: Theotokos, Anthropotokos, Cristologa, Mariologa, Cirilo de Alejandra. Such a categorization would overlook the dual aspect of every text of Scripture. 0000007102 00000 n He writes: The works which Paul repudiates and frequently criticizes are not the works of righteousness which are commanded in the law, but those in which they boast, who keep the law according to the flesh; that is to say, the circumcision of the flesh, the sacrificial rituals, and the observance of Sabbaths and new moon festivals. Alexandrians vs. Antiochenes on Mosaic Developing a conducive digital environment where students can pursue their 10/12 level, degree and post graduate programs from the comfort of their homes even if they are attending a regular course at college/school or working. Thoughts on the Evidential Argument fromDesire, Alexandrians vs. Antiochenes on Mosaic Law (Part2), Alexandrians vs. Antiochenes on Mosaic Law (Part 2) | Allkirk Network, Moshe Rabbenu and Torat Moshe Immanuel Verbondskind , Review: God Reforms Hearts by ThaddeusWilliams, Review: Conservatism: A Rediscovery by YoramHazony, Review: Outsiders on the Inside by BillyBoyce, Review: The Myth of Colorblind Christians by JesseCurtis, White fragility, white guilt, and the ring ofGyges. in KSA, UAE, Qatar, Kuwait, Oman and Bahrain. Philo used this allegorical approach to Scripture to prove that Moses was superior to any pagan philosophers. First, it is a mistake to simply say that for Origen, ceremonial laws are literal, and moral laws are spiritual. Christology ALEXANDRIAN Educational programs for all ages are offered through e learning, beginning from the online For Origen, God ordained this historical event in order to guide his people from the letter to the spirit. However, it is not the final step. [], [] Alexandrians vs. Antiochenes on Mosaic Law (Part 1) []. Antioch, School of Origen identifies the content of natural law with what is known as the second table of the law, encompassing such prohibitions as murder, adultery, and false testimony. Nestorio fue entronizado como arzobispo el 10 de abril 428. Hb```5x(1a.@qgUn+870p005x@g2b)(| OL [20] In this respect, one sees a clear overlap with the content of Mosaic Law, and especially the Ten Commandments. WebAlexandria as they had his teacher Origen, but Arius almost single-handedly ushered in an era in which the church was well-nigh intoxicated with Christology, though he did so from a Trinitarian perspective and did not waste much time on the articulation between Christs disparate natures. Lx0d`U}rY @ v Qe` v6SG 1>} Z` mN | endstream endobj 67 0 obj 178 endobj 44 0 obj << /Type /Page /Parent 41 0 R /Resources << /Font << /F0 45 0 R /F1 48 0 R >> /ProcSet 64 0 R >> /Contents [ 50 0 R 52 0 R 54 0 R 56 0 R 58 0 R 60 0 R 62 0 R 65 0 R ] /Thumb 29 0 R /MediaBox [ 0 0 596 851 ] /CropBox [ 0 0 596 851 ] /Rotate 0 >> endobj 45 0 obj << /Type /Font /Subtype /TrueType /Name /F0 /BaseFont /TimesNewRoman,Bold /FirstChar 32 /LastChar 255 /Widths [ 250 333 555 500 500 1000 833 278 333 333 500 570 250 333 250 278 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 333 333 570 570 570 500 930 722 667 722 722 667 611 778 778 389 500 778 667 944 722 778 611 778 722 556 667 722 722 1000 722 722 667 333 278 333 581 500 333 500 556 444 556 444 333 500 556 278 333 556 278 833 556 500 556 556 444 389 333 556 500 722 500 500 444 394 220 394 520 778 500 778 333 500 500 1000 500 500 333 1000 556 333 1000 778 667 778 778 333 333 500 500 350 500 1000 333 1000 389 333 722 778 444 722 250 333 500 500 500 500 220 500 333 747 300 500 570 333 747 500 400 549 300 300 333 576 540 250 333 300 330 500 750 750 750 500 722 722 722 722 722 722 1000 722 667 667 667 667 389 389 389 389 722 722 778 778 778 778 778 570 778 722 722 722 722 722 611 556 500 500 500 500 500 500 722 444 444 444 444 444 278 278 278 278 500 556 500 500 500 500 500 549 500 556 556 556 556 500 556 500 ] /Encoding /WinAnsiEncoding /FontDescriptor 46 0 R >> endobj 46 0 obj << /Type /FontDescriptor /FontName /TimesNewRoman,Bold /Flags 16418 /FontBBox [ -250 -216 1165 1000 ] /MissingWidth 323 /StemV 136 /StemH 136 /ItalicAngle 0 /CapHeight 891 /XHeight 446 /Ascent 891 /Descent -216 /Leading 149 /MaxWidth 971 /AvgWidth 427 >> endobj 47 0 obj << /Type /FontDescriptor /FontName /TimesNewRoman /Flags 34 /FontBBox [ -250 -216 1165 1000 ] /MissingWidth 323 /StemV 73 /StemH 73 /ItalicAngle 0 /CapHeight 891 /XHeight 446 /Ascent 891 /Descent -216 /Leading 149 /MaxWidth 971 /AvgWidth 401 >> endobj 48 0 obj << /Type /Font /Subtype /TrueType /Name /F1 /BaseFont /TimesNewRoman /FirstChar 32 /LastChar 255 /Widths [ 250 333 408 500 500 833 778 180 333 333 500 564 250 333 250 278 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 278 278 564 564 564 444 921 722 667 667 722 611 556 722 722 333 389 722 611 889 722 722 556 722 667 556 611 722 722 944 722 722 611 333 278 333 469 500 333 444 500 444 500 444 333 500 500 278 278 500 278 778 500 500 500 500 333 389 278 500 500 722 500 500 444 480 200 480 541 778 500 778 333 500 444 1000 500 500 333 1000 556 333 889 778 611 778 778 333 333 444 444 350 500 1000 333 980 389 333 722 778 444 722 250 333 500 500 500 500 200 500 333 760 276 500 564 333 760 500 400 549 300 300 333 576 453 250 333 300 310 500 750 750 750 444 722 722 722 722 722 722 889 667 611 611 611 611 333 333 333 333 722 722 722 722 722 722 722 564 722 722 722 722 722 722 556 500 444 444 444 444 444 444 667 444 444 444 444 444 278 278 278 278 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 549 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 ] /Encoding /WinAnsiEncoding /FontDescriptor 47 0 R >> endobj 49 0 obj 1264 endobj 50 0 obj << /Filter /FlateDecode /Length 49 0 R >> stream 0000005673 00000 n I recommend Perfect E Learn for any busy professional looking to Hovorun, Serhiy. I strongly Origens doctrine of the body seems to directly parallel his doctrine of biblical interpretation. Online tuition for regular school students and home schooling children with clear options for high school completion certification from recognized boards is provided with quality content and coaching. El misterio de la Encarnacin segn Cirilo de Alejandra, From Philosophy to Pastoral: A Theological Review and the Pastoral Explications of the Doctrine of the Two Natures in Christ -Chalcedon and Luther, Cyril, Nestorius, and the Logos: A Re-Examination of Early Church Epistles, The Practical Christology of Philoxenos of Mabbug, E. Artemi, The Christological Controversy between Nestorius of Constantinople and Cyril of Alexandria, A Critical Assessment of St Cyril of Alexandrias On the Unity of Christ, and its Significance for Patristic and Modern Theology, Christological Controversies of the First Four Ecumenical Councils, Cyril of Alexandria and Gregory Nazianzen: Tradition and Complexity in Patristic Christology, The Early Christological Controversy: Apollinarius, Diodore, and Gregory Nazianzen. We follow a systematic approach to the process of learning, examining and certifying. WebANTIOCHENE THEOLOGY The dominant theology of the early Church in Antioch. Part 1can be readhere. This article questions the value of the categories the school of Antioch and Antiochene christology on the basis of the significant theological differences between the two central figures in the school: John Chrysostom and Theodore of Mopsuestia, both of whom studied together at the school of Diodore of Tarsus in the late fourth century. But, our concern was whether she could join the universities of our preference in abroad. 0000000940 00000 n [6] Karlfried Froehlich, Biblical Interpretation in the Early Church (Philadelphia: Fortress Press, 1984), 15-16. For Nestorius, the language of the exchange of properties was generally suspect, and often odious. Alan J. Hauser and Duane F. Watson (Grand Rapids, Mich.: Eerdmans, 2003), 352. Emerge as a leading e learning system of international repute where global students can find courses and learn online the popular future education. "Abstract. WebCyril of Alexandria was not only one of the finest Christian theologians of his day, he also stands out in the ranks of the greatest patristic writers of all generations as perhaps the most powerful exponent of Christology the church has known. Antiochene theology Even the ceremonial laws have a spiritual sense, although it may be comparatively more obscure than for the moral laws. I will show how the distinction between law and gospel in his Commentary on Galatians favors the discontinuity of Mosaic Law. Dr. Pittenger's Criticism of the Alexandrine Christology.-In one place Dr. Pittenger admits that the Alexandrine and the Antiochene are two legitimate ways of thinking on the Person of our Lord, and that each of them will have adherents and admirers all the time. But the nature and extent of this discontinuity would continue to be debated. One important distinction is that between Mosaic Law and natural law. [9] Mark Edwards, Origen against Plato (Hampshire, England: Ashgate, 2002), 160-1. But rather than undermining the doctrine of biblical inspiration, Origen saw these inconsistencies as divinely intended pointers to the deeper, spiritual meaning. HVr6j.qR q}|HHOil$!R3Bok2'?ad #BHQ"Z7+:sGi iU`cVAwy2ZDOKu*&4Yd? John Anthony McGuckin (Louisville, Ky.: Westminster John Knox Press, 2004), 140-41. NIOS helped in fulfilling her aspiration, the Board has universal acceptance and she joined Middlesex University, London for BSc Cyber Security and 0000001237 00000 n It is indeed a good and necessary step in the hermeneutical process. 0000008123 00000 n successful learners are eligible for higher studies and to attempt competitive [5] His anthropology followed the Greek notion of the inferiority of the physical to the rational, but he still affirmed the Jewish notion of God as Creator. The New Testament describes the early controversy over the question of whether to circumcise Gentile believers (Acts 15). [7], Such was the heritage of Origens forbears. You can download the paper by clicking the button above. While the Alexandrian school adopted the "hypostasis union" or the "nature union" of the WebAntiochene exegetes tended to insist more than their Alexandrian counterparts on the importance of seeing each biblical passage in its context within the longer narrative of Israels history, and to search for practical, moral applications, while Alexandrian interpreters tended to be more interested in the theological and spiritual meaning. Antiochene 0000008998 00000 n Sorry, preview is currently unavailable. Ever since its inception, the church has struggled to understand the proper place of Mosaic Law in Christian ethics. [14] Origen was persuaded that all rational creatures, excepting young children,[15] were accountable to some law or another. [17] All of these laws, however, were in some sense an expression of Gods unchanging moral will. WebThe Antiochenes looked at Scripture for moral improvement; the Alexandrians sought theosis through contemplative reading. develop their business skills and accelerate their career program. According to Marcion, the material world was created by an inferior deity known as a Demiurge, who revealed himself to the Hebrews and gave them a law of strict retributive justice. Origens defense of Mosaic Law in his Commentary on Romans is rather complex, and it may be helpful to analyze his argument topically, in terms of various distinctions that he makes. (LogOut/ Thomas Scheck (Washington, D.C.: The Catholic University of America Press, 2002), 1-2. In scriptural exegesis it placed more emphasis on the In their Christology they stressed the divinity of Christ. One of Origens fullest treatments of the Mosaic Law is found in his Commentary on the Epistle to the Romans. At the same time, Origens eschatology suggests that the body is a mere stepping stone to a higher reality, one in which we enjoy immediate communion with God unencumbered by carnal habits like eating and drinking.[10]. WebThe Alexandrian and Antiochian Christological Thoughts1 Many scholars attribute the problem of the Christological formula concerning the nature of Christ "Mia-physis and Dyophyses" to the controversy between the Alexandrian and the Antiochian theology. From Monophysitism to Nestorianism - Cambridge Scholars Early Church Battle Royale: Alexandria vs. Antioch For Ariu s Christ was a creature, generated Resumen: Cirilo de Alejandra no slo fue uno de los mejores telogos cristianos de su poca, sino que tambin se destaca en las filas de los ms grandes escritores patrsticos de todas las generaciones, como quiz el ms poderoso exponente de la cristologa que la Iglesia haya conocido. I was already a teacher by profession and I was searching for some B.Ed. Had a great experience here. Dictionary : ANTIOCHENE THEOLOGY Cristo tena dos naturalezas. WebAntiochene exegetes tended to insist more than their Alexandrian counterparts on the importance of seeing each biblical passage in its context within the longer narrative of Israels history, and to search for practical, moral applications, while Alexandrian interpreters tended to be more interested in the theological and spiritual meaning. WebAlexandrian and Antiochian approaches to hermeneutics as deployed by John Chrysostom and Gregory of Nyssa as they work with the Beatitudes Typically, the view of Alexandrian and Antiochian hermeneutics has been one of dichotomy: Alexandrians were allegorical, and Antiochians were literal-historical. These are the somatic, the psychic, and the pneumatic senses. El historiador contemporneo Scrates Scholasticus calific a Nestorio de hombre orgulloso e ignorante, cuyo innato e indiscutible poder de oratoria ocult una debilidad de pensamiento incisivo. Antioch, School of Alexandrian and Antiochian approaches to hermeneutics as There is no record of a formal school such as apparently existed at alexandria, although lucian of antioch directed his didascalion and Diodore of Tarsus his In response to these teachings of Marcion, Origen defended the positive value and continuing relevance of Mosaic Law for Christians. THE ALEXANDRIAN AND ANTIOCHENE SCHOOLS This desire to avoid both the Scylla of Judaism and the Charybdis of Gnosticism (or better, Marcionism) set the stage for a multiplicity of Christian approaches to Mosaic Law. Change), You are commenting using your Twitter account. [4] The difference between the two non-literal senses is that the psychic concerns day-to-day ethical living, while the pneumatic concerns higher theological and christological truths. THE TRIAL OF EUTYCHES: A NEW INTERPRETATION, Catholicity and Heresy in the Early Church - Mark J. Edwards, Compare and contrast the theological schools of Alexandria and Antioch. graduation. This Demiurge was not inherently evil, but was nevertheless inferior to the God of love and compassion revealed by Jesus. Jesus Christ was both fully human and fully divine. Although Philo was Jewish, his impact would prove to be far greater on later Christian interpreters, such as Clement. It was generally in contrast with and sometimes opposed to the theology of Alexandria. Grade 10 and 12 level courses are offered by NIOS, Indian National Education Board established in 1989 by the Ministry of Education (MHRD), India. The difference between Alexandria and Antioch was not exegetical; it was theological. In fact, Philo goes so far as to say that Greek philosophers must have appropriated their thought from Moses himself. WebThe notion that there existed a distinction between so-called Alexandrian and Antiochene exegesis in the ancient church has become a common assumption among theologians. WebThe theology of the Alexandrian school was influenced by the Platonic traditions of Philosophy. Christology WebCompatibility of Antiochene and Alexandrian Christology - Read online for free. This article questions the value of the categories the school of Antioch and Antiochene christology on the basis of the significant theological differences between the two central figures in the school: John Chrysostom and Theodore of Mopsuestia, both of whom studied together at the school of Diodore of Tarsus in the late fourth century. Therefore, Origen understands the contrast between law and gospel not as one of judgment versus mercy, but rather imperfect religion versus perfect religion. Una de sus frases favoritas es: El Logos sufri impasiblemente. This makes it an invaluable resource on early Christian understanding of Mosaic Law. However, church historians have long since recognized that this distinction is neither wholly accurate nor helpful in exegetical studies. This is why Origen can speak of Christian baptism as the spiritual equivalent of circumcision (Calvinists were not the first to make this connection!). [8] Wai-Shing Chau. The contemporary historian Socrates called Nestorius a proud and ignorant man whose innate and undisputed oratorical power masked a weakness of incisive thought. Theological History of Two Natures/One Person, The rejection of the term Theotokos by Nestorius Constantinople, Nestorius did not intend to argue that Christ had a dual nature, but that view became labeled Nestorianism (PRO), The Two Is of Christ: Revisiting the Christological Controversy, El rechazo del trmino Theotokos por Nestorio de Constantinopla y la refutacin de su enseanza por Cirilo de Alejan, La Virgen Mara, Theotokos, y Cristo, verdadero Dios y verdadero Hombre. Origen (ca. For him, God the Logos raised the dead Lazarus, while the man Jesus wept at the tomb. In large measure, Origen inherited this de-historicizing and allegorizing approach to Scripture from two earlier Alexandrians: Philo and Clement. Dr. Pittenger's Criticism of the Alexandrine Christology.-In one place Dr. Pittenger admits that the Alexandrine and the Antiochene are two legitimate ways of thinking on the Person of our Lord, and that each of them will have adherents and admirers all the time. Thanks to Moses and the ceremonial laws, a certain part of humankind began to be liberated from the kingdom of sin and death, and cleansing of sins began to be ushered in.[26] Origen even goes so far as to say that the Mosaic Law is a life-giving Spirit for those who understand it spiritually.[27] He argues that it is precisely on this point that both Jews and Marcionites fall into error. MIRABILIA 17, Home Eletronic Journal of Antiquity & Middle Ages Journal of the Institut d' Estudis Medievals (UAB), Journal of Early Christian Studies 17.3 (2009): 381-419, Vigiliae Christianae 65.4 (2011): 376-407. But the relationship between these two senses is like that between an earthenware vessel and a treasure hidden inside. WebThe theology of the Alexandrian school was influenced by the Platonic traditions of Philosophy. Externally, the schools are not as distinct as they have been made out to be: the Alexandrians do not allegorize away the OT as much as has been thought, and the Antiochenes are not necessarily more literal in their methods than the Alexandrians. Nestorius was enthroned as archbishop on April 10th 428. More often, however, Origen makes use of a merely twofold distinction between the literal sense and the spiritual sense, in accordance with Pauls terminology of letter and spirit (2 Cor. Antiochene Alexandria Antiochene theology Quick Reference A modern designation for a style of theology associated with the Church at Antioch, contrasted with Alexandrine theology. [6] But such truth was often expressed in the form of enigmas, symbols, and allegories. Conceiving Orthodox Christology, reviewing Cyril - pillar of faith'- Miaphysite Soteriology, in light of recent theological research, by Kasper, McGuckin, Meunier, Schoonenberg, Wickham, et al, Dogma and spirituality in Cyrillian logic. Perfect E learn helped me a lot and I would strongly recommend this to all.. 0000007720 00000 n It is at once powerful and fragile, majestic and humble. However, church historians have long since recognized that this distinction is neither wholly accurate nor helpful in exegetical studies. The difference between Alexandria and Antioch was not exegetical; it was theological. From Monophysitism to Nestorianism - Cambridge Scholars